Fundamento
Stoichiometric air
For CxHyOz, the theoretical oxygen follows from closing the C, H and O balances.
\(\nu_{O_2,st}=x+y/4-z/2\)
ThermoLab · Chapters 14 and 15
Combustion and adiabatic flame temperature
Balances hydrocarbons, excess air and products, then solves the adiabatic flame temperature by Newton-Raphson.
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Engineering results
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Engineering directory
13 linked modules on a single calculation base
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01
Appendices A-1 to A-28Universal property interpolator
→02Chapters 1 and 2Pressure, temperature and general energy balance
→03Chapter 3Pure substances and equations of state
→04Chapter 4Energy integrals for closed systems
→05Chapter 5Control volumes and the first law
→06Chapters 6 and 7Second law, Carnot and entropy
→07Chapter 8Exergy, destruction and second-law efficiency
→08Chapter 9Gas power cycles
→09Chapter 10Rankine steam power cycles
→10Chapter 11Refrigeration cycles
→11Chapters 12 and 13Gas mixtures and psychrometrics
→12Chapters 14 and 15Combustion and adiabatic flame temperature
→13Chapters 16 and 17Chemical equilibrium and compressible flow
→Engineering framework
Theory, equations and conditions of use
The atom balance fixes the moles of products; the energy balance fixes the temperature once the sensible enthalpy of the products absorbs the effective heating value.
Fundamento
Excess air
Nitrogen accompanies the oxygen at the dry-air molar ratio of 3.76.
\(\nu_{O_2}=\lambda\nu_{O_2,st},\quad\lambda=1+EA/100\)
Fundamento
Adiabatic flame
Newton-Raphson adjusts T until the enthalpies of reactants and products match.
\(T_{n+1}=T_n-\frac{H_P(T_n)-H_R}{C_{p,P}(T_n)}\)
Base documentalÇengel & Boles, 7th edition · SI appendices A-1 to A-28
USCS conversionA-1E to A-27E, via exact factors from the SI base
AlcancePreliminary design, teaching and independent verification
Engineering FAQ
Preguntas frecuentes
Why does T fall with excess air?+
The surplus nitrogen and oxygen absorb energy without releasing any additional heat.
Does an Orsat analysis include water vapour?+
A traditional Orsat analysis reports dry products; H₂O is excluded.
What limits the estimate?+
It does not include detailed dissociation; above roughly 2000 K it can overestimate the temperature.